Galileo Galilei was an Italian mathematician, physicist and astronomer. He was the son of a highly educated musician. Galileo received his early schooling at a monastery before entering the University of Pisa to study medicine. Overhearing a geometry class, he took up math but had to drop dew to money. In 1586 his name became known for an essay he published describing his invention of the hydro-static balance. After he started his research into the study of motion. Then, he discovered important facts about the earth and sky through the use of a telescope. Galileo also designed scientific instruments and improved the telescope.